MLECO-2079 Adding the C++ KWS example

Signed-off-by: Eanna O Cathain <eanna.ocathain@arm.com>
Change-Id: I81899bbfaada32f478c2e2fc6441eabb94d8d0fc
diff --git a/samples/common/src/Audio/MFCC.cpp b/samples/common/src/Audio/MFCC.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..911c32b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/common/src/Audio/MFCC.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+//
+// Copyright © 2020 Arm Ltd and Contributors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+//
+#include "MFCC.hpp"
+#include "MathUtils.hpp"
+
+#include <cfloat>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <cstring>
+
+MfccParams::MfccParams(
+        const float samplingFreq,
+        const int numFbankBins,
+        const float melLoFreq,
+        const float melHiFreq,
+        const int numMfccFeats,
+        const int frameLen,
+        const bool useHtkMethod,
+        const int numMfccVectors):
+        m_samplingFreq(samplingFreq),
+        m_numFbankBins(numFbankBins),
+        m_melLoFreq(melLoFreq),
+        m_melHiFreq(melHiFreq),
+        m_numMfccFeatures(numMfccFeats),
+        m_frameLen(frameLen),
+        m_numMfccVectors(numMfccVectors),
+        /* Smallest power of 2 >= frame length. */
+        m_frameLenPadded(pow(2, ceil((log(frameLen)/log(2))))),
+        m_useHtkMethod(useHtkMethod)
+{}
+
+std::string MfccParams::Str()
+{
+    char strC[1024];
+    snprintf(strC, sizeof(strC) - 1, "\n   \
+            \n\t Sampling frequency:         %f\
+            \n\t Number of filter banks:     %u\
+            \n\t Mel frequency limit (low):  %f\
+            \n\t Mel frequency limit (high): %f\
+            \n\t Number of MFCC features:    %u\
+            \n\t Frame length:               %u\
+            \n\t Padded frame length:        %u\
+            \n\t Using HTK for Mel scale:    %s\n",
+             this->m_samplingFreq, this->m_numFbankBins, this->m_melLoFreq,
+             this->m_melHiFreq, this->m_numMfccFeatures, this->m_frameLen,
+             this->m_frameLenPadded, this->m_useHtkMethod ? "yes" : "no");
+    return std::string{strC};
+}
+
+MFCC::MFCC(const MfccParams& params):
+    m_params(params),
+    m_filterBankInitialised(false)
+{
+    this->m_buffer = std::vector<float>(
+            this->m_params.m_frameLenPadded, 0.0);
+    this->m_frame = std::vector<float>(
+            this->m_params.m_frameLenPadded, 0.0);
+    this->m_melEnergies = std::vector<float>(
+            this->m_params.m_numFbankBins, 0.0);
+
+    this->m_windowFunc = std::vector<float>(this->m_params.m_frameLen);
+    const auto multiplier = static_cast<float>(2 * M_PI / this->m_params.m_frameLen);
+
+    /* Create window function. */
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < this->m_params.m_frameLen; i++) 
+    {
+        this->m_windowFunc[i] = (0.5 - (0.5 * cosf(static_cast<float>(i) * multiplier)));
+    }
+
+}
+
+void MFCC::Init()
+{
+    this->InitMelFilterBank();
+}
+
+float MFCC::MelScale(const float freq, const bool useHTKMethod)
+{
+    if (useHTKMethod) 
+    {
+        return 1127.0f * logf (1.0f + freq / 700.0f);
+    } 
+    else 
+    {
+        /* Slaney formula for mel scale. */
+        float mel = freq / ms_freqStep;
+
+        if (freq >= ms_minLogHz) 
+        {
+            mel = ms_minLogMel + logf(freq / ms_minLogHz) / ms_logStep;
+        }
+        return mel;
+    }
+}
+
+float MFCC::InverseMelScale(const float melFreq, const bool useHTKMethod)
+{
+    if (useHTKMethod) {
+        return 700.0f * (expf (melFreq / 1127.0f) - 1.0f);
+    } 
+    else 
+    {
+        /* Slaney formula for mel scale. */
+        float freq = ms_freqStep * melFreq;
+
+        if (melFreq >= ms_minLogMel) 
+        {
+            freq = ms_minLogHz * expf(ms_logStep * (melFreq - ms_minLogMel));
+        }
+        return freq;
+    }
+}
+
+
+bool MFCC::ApplyMelFilterBank(
+        std::vector<float>&                 fftVec,
+        std::vector<std::vector<float>>&    melFilterBank,
+        std::vector<uint32_t>&              filterBankFilterFirst,
+        std::vector<uint32_t>&              filterBankFilterLast,
+        std::vector<float>&                 melEnergies)
+{
+    const size_t numBanks = melEnergies.size();
+
+    if (numBanks != filterBankFilterFirst.size() ||
+        numBanks != filterBankFilterLast.size()) 
+    {
+        printf("unexpected filter bank lengths\n");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t bin = 0; bin < numBanks; ++bin) 
+    {
+        auto filterBankIter = melFilterBank[bin].begin();
+        auto end = melFilterBank[bin].end();
+        float melEnergy = FLT_MIN;  /* Avoid log of zero at later stages */
+        const uint32_t firstIndex = filterBankFilterFirst[bin];
+        const uint32_t lastIndex = std::min<uint32_t>(filterBankFilterLast[bin], fftVec.size() - 1);
+
+        for (uint32_t i = firstIndex; i <= lastIndex && filterBankIter != end; i++) 
+        {
+            float energyRep = sqrt(fftVec[i]);
+            melEnergy += (*filterBankIter++ * energyRep);
+        }
+
+        melEnergies[bin] = melEnergy;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void MFCC::ConvertToLogarithmicScale(std::vector<float>& melEnergies)
+{
+    for (float& melEnergy : melEnergies) 
+    {
+        melEnergy = logf(melEnergy);
+    }
+}
+
+void MFCC::ConvertToPowerSpectrum()
+{
+    const uint32_t halfDim = this->m_buffer.size() / 2;
+
+    /* Handle this special case. */
+    float firstEnergy = this->m_buffer[0] * this->m_buffer[0];
+    float lastEnergy = this->m_buffer[1] * this->m_buffer[1];
+
+    MathUtils::ComplexMagnitudeSquaredF32(
+            this->m_buffer.data(),
+            this->m_buffer.size(),
+            this->m_buffer.data(),
+            this->m_buffer.size()/2);
+
+    this->m_buffer[0] = firstEnergy;
+    this->m_buffer[halfDim] = lastEnergy;
+}
+
+std::vector<float> MFCC::CreateDCTMatrix(
+                            const int32_t inputLength,
+                            const int32_t coefficientCount)
+{
+    std::vector<float> dctMatrix(inputLength * coefficientCount);
+
+    const float normalizer = sqrtf(2.0f/inputLength);
+    const float angleIncr = M_PI/inputLength;
+    float angle = 0;
+
+    for (int32_t k = 0, m = 0; k < coefficientCount; k++, m += inputLength) 
+    {
+        for (int32_t n = 0; n < inputLength; n++) 
+        {
+            dctMatrix[m + n] = normalizer * cosf((n + 0.5f) * angle);
+        }
+        angle += angleIncr;
+    }
+
+    return dctMatrix;
+}
+
+float MFCC::GetMelFilterBankNormaliser(
+                const float&    leftMel,
+                const float&    rightMel,
+                const bool      useHTKMethod)
+{
+    /* By default, no normalisation => return 1 */
+    return 1.f;
+}
+
+void MFCC::InitMelFilterBank()
+{
+    if (!this->IsMelFilterBankInited()) 
+    {
+        this->m_melFilterBank = this->CreateMelFilterBank();
+        this->m_dctMatrix = this->CreateDCTMatrix(
+                                this->m_params.m_numFbankBins,
+                                this->m_params.m_numMfccFeatures);
+        this->m_filterBankInitialised = true;
+    }
+}
+
+bool MFCC::IsMelFilterBankInited() const
+{
+    return this->m_filterBankInitialised;
+}
+
+void MFCC::MfccComputePreFeature(const std::vector<float>& audioData)
+{
+    this->InitMelFilterBank();
+
+    auto size = std::min(std::min(this->m_frame.size(), audioData.size()),
+                         static_cast<size_t>(this->m_params.m_frameLen)) * sizeof(float);
+    std::memcpy(this->m_frame.data(), audioData.data(), size);
+
+    /* Apply window function to input frame. */
+    for(size_t i = 0; i < this->m_params.m_frameLen; i++) 
+    {
+        this->m_frame[i] *= this->m_windowFunc[i];
+    }
+
+    /* Set remaining frame values to 0. */
+    std::fill(this->m_frame.begin() + this->m_params.m_frameLen,this->m_frame.end(), 0);
+
+    /* Compute FFT. */
+    MathUtils::FftF32(this->m_frame, this->m_buffer);
+
+    /* Convert to power spectrum. */
+    this->ConvertToPowerSpectrum();
+
+    /* Apply mel filterbanks. */
+    if (!this->ApplyMelFilterBank(this->m_buffer,
+                                  this->m_melFilterBank,
+                                  this->m_filterBankFilterFirst,
+                                  this->m_filterBankFilterLast,
+                                  this->m_melEnergies)) 
+    {
+        printf("Failed to apply MEL filter banks\n");
+    }
+
+    /* Convert to logarithmic scale. */
+    this->ConvertToLogarithmicScale(this->m_melEnergies);
+}
+
+std::vector<float> MFCC::MfccCompute(const std::vector<float>& audioData)
+{
+    this->MfccComputePreFeature(audioData);
+
+    std::vector<float> mfccOut(this->m_params.m_numMfccFeatures);
+
+    float * ptrMel = this->m_melEnergies.data();
+    float * ptrDct = this->m_dctMatrix.data();
+    float * ptrMfcc = mfccOut.data();
+
+    /* Take DCT. Uses matrix mul. */
+    for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < mfccOut.size();
+                ++i, j += this->m_params.m_numFbankBins) 
+    {
+        *ptrMfcc++ = MathUtils::DotProductF32(
+                ptrDct + j,
+                ptrMel,
+                this->m_params.m_numFbankBins);
+    }
+    return mfccOut;
+}
+
+std::vector<std::vector<float>> MFCC::CreateMelFilterBank()
+{
+    size_t numFftBins = this->m_params.m_frameLenPadded / 2;
+    float fftBinWidth = static_cast<float>(this->m_params.m_samplingFreq) / this->m_params.m_frameLenPadded;
+
+    float melLowFreq = MFCC::MelScale(this->m_params.m_melLoFreq,
+                                      this->m_params.m_useHtkMethod);
+    float melHighFreq = MFCC::MelScale(this->m_params.m_melHiFreq,
+                                       this->m_params.m_useHtkMethod);
+    float melFreqDelta = (melHighFreq - melLowFreq) / (this->m_params.m_numFbankBins + 1);
+
+    std::vector<float> thisBin = std::vector<float>(numFftBins);
+    std::vector<std::vector<float>> melFilterBank(
+                                        this->m_params.m_numFbankBins);
+    this->m_filterBankFilterFirst =
+                    std::vector<uint32_t>(this->m_params.m_numFbankBins);
+    this->m_filterBankFilterLast =
+                    std::vector<uint32_t>(this->m_params.m_numFbankBins);
+
+    for (size_t bin = 0; bin < this->m_params.m_numFbankBins; bin++) 
+    {
+        float leftMel = melLowFreq + bin * melFreqDelta;
+        float centerMel = melLowFreq + (bin + 1) * melFreqDelta;
+        float rightMel = melLowFreq + (bin + 2) * melFreqDelta;
+
+        uint32_t firstIndex = 0;
+        uint32_t lastIndex = 0;
+        bool firstIndexFound = false;
+        const float normaliser = this->GetMelFilterBankNormaliser(leftMel, rightMel, this->m_params.m_useHtkMethod);
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < numFftBins; i++) 
+        {
+            float freq = (fftBinWidth * i);  /* Center freq of this fft bin. */
+            float mel = MFCC::MelScale(freq, this->m_params.m_useHtkMethod);
+            thisBin[i] = 0.0;
+
+            if (mel > leftMel && mel < rightMel) 
+            {
+                float weight;
+                if (mel <= centerMel) 
+                {
+                    weight = (mel - leftMel) / (centerMel - leftMel);
+                } 
+                else 
+                {
+                    weight = (rightMel - mel) / (rightMel - centerMel);
+                }
+
+                thisBin[i] = weight * normaliser;
+                if (!firstIndexFound) 
+                {
+                    firstIndex = i;
+                    firstIndexFound = true;
+                }
+                lastIndex = i;
+            }
+        }
+
+        this->m_filterBankFilterFirst[bin] = firstIndex;
+        this->m_filterBankFilterLast[bin] = lastIndex;
+
+        /* Copy the part we care about. */
+        for (uint32_t i = firstIndex; i <= lastIndex; i++) 
+        {
+            melFilterBank[bin].push_back(thisBin[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return melFilterBank;
+}